Weekly Topic...
Melanoma/Skin
Cancer
May
has been designated National Melanoma/Skin Cancer Detection and
Prevention Month by the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD). In 2002,
approximately 1 million new cases of basal cell and squamous cell
carcinomas will be detected, and approximately 41,600 new cases of
malignant melanoma will be diagnosed. In addition, in 2002, an estimated
9,200 persons will die from skin cancer. Although the incidence of
melanoma is lower than those of squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas,
the case-fatality rate is highest for persons with melanoma. During
1973-1992, mortality from melanoma increased 34% - the third highest
increase of all cancers.
This
month is dedicated to increasing the awareness of the importance of skin
cancer prevention, early detection, and treatment.
What
are signs and symptoms of melanoma?
Often, the first sign of melanoma is a change in the size, shape, or
color of an existing mole. It can also appear as a new, abnormal, or
"ugly-looking" mole.
Thinking
of "ABCD" can help you remember what to watch for:
A
Asymmetry - The shape of one half does not match the other.
B
Border - The edges are ragged, notched, or blurred.
C
Color - The color is uneven. Shades of black, brown, and tan may be
present. Areas of white, gray, red, or blue may be seen.
D
Diameter - There is a change in size.
Overexposure
to ultraviolet (UV) rays is the most important behavioral risk factor
for skin cancer. Measures to prevent skin cancer include: 1) reducing
direct exposure to the sun, especially during midday hours (i.e., 10 am
- 4 pm) when the sun's rays are the strongest; 2) wearing protective
clothing (e.g., broad-brimmed hat, long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and
sun glasses); and 3) using sunscreen with a sun protection factor of at
least 15 to protect against UV A and B rays. Persons should also avoid
artificial sources of UV light, such as tanning beds and sun lamps.
Additional
information about skin cancer is available from the National
Cancer Institute and from the American
Cancer Society.
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